An Overview On Various types of Antibiotics Mechanism of Action

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Antibiotics Mechanism of Action












 1.   Cell Wall Synthesis:

Penicillins:

Mechanism of Action: Interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis.

Cephalosporines:

Mechanism of Action: Disrupts the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls.

Sub-Categories:
Ø  first generation
Ex. Cephalothin, Cephazolin.
Ø  second generation
Ex. Cefaclor, Cefuroxime.
Ø  third generation
Ex. Cefixime, Ceftriaxone.
Ø  fourth generation
Ex. Cefepime.
Ø  Fifth generation
Ex. Ceftobiprole.

Vancomycin

Mechanism of Action:  Bactericidal, an inhibitor of cell wall synthesis.

      2.   Nucleic Acid Synthesis:

Fluoroquinolones

Mechanism of Action: Blocks DNA replication via inhibition of DNA gyrase.

Subclassification and tested examples:

Ø  Ciprofloxacin
Ø  Levofloxacin

        3. 30s Sub-Unit Ribosome Inhibition:

Aminoglycosids

Mechanism of Action:

Ø  Bactericidal.
Ø  Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis work by binding to the 30s ribosome subunit, leading to the misreading of mRNA. This misreading results in the synthesis of abnormal peptides that accumulate intracellularly and eventually lead to cell death. These antibiotics are bactericidal.

Subclassification and tested examples:

Gentamicin  

      4. 50s Sub-Unit Ribosome Inhibition:

Linezolid

Mechanism of Action: Linezolid binds to the 23S portion of the 50S subunit and acts by preventing the formation of the initiation complex between the the 30S and 50S subunits of the ribosome.
  5. RNA Polymerase:

Rifampin

Mechanism of Action: Most effective against intracellular phagocytized Staphylococcus aureus in macrophages.

  6. Folate Synthesis:

Mechanism of Action:








If you have any  opinion Please, comments ...

Data accumulated & compiled by:
Dewan Pavel (M. PHARM)
       Mundipharma (Bangladesh) Pvt. Ltd.
       Officer, Quality Assurance.


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